![]() A similar pattern was observed for ET c (mm/day), which peaked at midseason and decreased with each developmental stage of the potato crop. The K c values peaked at the halfway stage, fell before the maturity period, and were at their lowest at the start of the season. Sentinel-2A outperformed Landsat 8 and Planet overall. The findings showed a statistically significant ( p 0.05). The standard FAO Penman–Monteith equation was used to estimate the reference evapotranspiration (ET r) using weather data from the nearest weather stations. ![]() This work used a satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) technique to simulate the crop coefficient (K c) and crop evapotranspiration (ET c) for field-scale potato cultivation at various crop growth stages for the growing seasons of 20. Thus, accurate estimations for irrigation water requirements are essential for water conservation and precision farming. ![]() The island’s most prominent business, agriculture, finds it challenging to predict agricultural water needs due to shifting climate extremes, weather patterns, and precipitation patterns. In Canada’s Prince Edward Island (PEI), where agriculture is particularly prominent, this concern is predominantly evident. The variability in crop water requirements at various growth stages is a common concern at a global level. Crop evapotranspiration (ET) is significant for irrigation water management systems. Soil moisture variability caused by soil erosion, weather extremes, and spatial variations in soil health is a limiting factor for crop growth and productivity. 5College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. ![]() 4Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.3College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar.2Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.1School of Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.Fatima Imtiaz 1 Aitazaz Farooque 1,2* Xander Wang 1 Farhat Abbas 3 Hassan Afzaal 2 Travis Esau 4 Bishnu Acharya 5 Qamar Zaman 4 ![]()
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